STRATIFIED EPITHELIA

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These epithelia consist of two or more layers of cells. In which only the bottom layer rests on the basement membrane. Stratified epithelia are further classified into subtypes according to the shape of the cells in the superficial layer. The layer on the free surface of the epithelium.

Stratified Epithelia

This group of epithelia has the following types.

  • stratified squamous epithelium
  • stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • stratified columnar epithelium
  • A special type of the stratified epithelia is called transitional epithelium.

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TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

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More than one cell layers  Number of cells layers change able depend on orgen  The structure of the transitional epithelium is best studied in sections of the wall of the urinary bladder. It is to be noted that the microscopic structure of this special type of multilaminar epithelium varies greatly according to the state of distension of the urinary bladder. Undistended (contracted) Transitional epi: Transtional (contracted)    In the undistended (i.e, contracted) urinary bladder, the urothelium appears to consist of 6 or more layers of cells. The basal layer of the epithelium consists of cuboidal cells. Over the basal layer are present several layers of polygonal cells. The most superficial layer of the epithelium appears to consist of very large dome-shaped cells also called umbrella cells whose highly convex apices bulge into the bladder cavity. Some of the umbrella cells contain two nuclei. Distension (stretched) Transtional epi: Transtional (...
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STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

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The stratified cuboidal epithelium consists of two or three layers of cuboidal cells. This type of epithelium has a very restricted distribution in the human body. It only occurs as the lining of the larger ducts of some exocrine glands like pancreas and salivary glands. The ducts of the sweat glands are also lined by this type epithelium. The stratified cuboidal epithelium has not been found to be involved in absorptive or secretory activity. Its probable function is to provide the ducts with a stronger lining than the simple cuboidal or simple columnar epithelium. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Found In: Follicular Antrum Ducts of sweat glands
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SIMPLE EPITHELIA

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 These epithelia, also called unilaminar epithelia, consist of only a single layer of cells. Each cell of this epithelial layer has a basal surface which rests on the basement membrane, and a free surface which faces the cavity (or lumen) of an organ' or a body part. Simple Epithelia A simple epithelium consists of only a single layer of cells. Each cell has a free surface and a basal surface which rests on the basement membrane. The lateral margins of the adjacent cells are closely apposed and are held together by cell junctions; therefore, in a surface view, the cells appear to form a mosaic. According to the shape of their component cells, the simple epithelia are further classified into the following three types:
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